Ka tukuna e ngā whare tanning (ngā moenga rā) te hihi ultraviolet (UV), ko te nuinga he UVA (315–400 nm), ā, he iti iho te UVB (280–315 nm). Ahakoa he taurite te nui o ngā momo hihi e rua i roto i te hihi o te rā tūturu, he nui ake ngā taumata UVA e tukuna ana e ngā taputapu tanning, ā, he rerekē ngā pānga koiora ki te kiri me te hauora whānui. Ka tirohia e tēnei tuhinga ngā pānga hauora me te kiri o te pānga UVA me te UVB mai i ngā whare tanning.
1. UVA me UVB: Ngā Rerekētanga Matua
| Āhuatanga | UVA (Ngaru-roa) | UVB (Ngaru Poto) |
|---|---|---|
| Te Hōhonutanga o te Whakauru | Hōhonu (kiri) | Papa (epidermis) |
| Pānga Whakamākūkū | Tonu (waikura) | Whakaroa (whakaohooho i te melanin) |
| Te Hanga Huaora D | He iti rawa, he kore rawa | Pūtake matua |
| Tikanga Whakangaromanga DNA | Ā-kore (whakaputa ROS) | Tika (ngā dimer thymine) |
| Te mate pukupuku | He hononga ki te melanoma | He hononga ki te mate pukupuku pūtau squamous (SCC) |
| Te pehi i te pūnaha ārai mate | Kaha (pūnaha) | Waenga (ā-rohe) |
2. Ngā pānga hauora o te UVA i roto i ngā mīhini tanning
A. Te koroheketanga o te kiri (photoaging):
Ka uru hohonu te hihi UVA ki roto i te kiri, ka wawahi i te collagen me te elastin mā roto i ngā momo hāora tauhohe (ROS).
Ka hua ake ngā kita, te kiri hiako me te koroheketanga wawe (te koroheketanga o te tinana).
B. Te Pehi i te Ārai Mate:
Ka whakarerekētia e te UVA te mahi a ngā pūtau Langerhans, ā, ka whakaitihia te ārai mate o te kiri.
Ka piki ake te pāngia o te kiri e ngā mate kiri (hei tauira, te HPV me te herpes) ā, ka ngoikore pea ngā urupare ki te kano kano.
C. Te Mōrearea o te Melanoma
Ka puta te kino o te DNA waikura i te hihi UVA, ka whai wāhi atu ki te melanoma malignant (te momo mate pukupuku kiri tino whakamate).
E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau he 59% te nui ake o te tūponotanga o te hunga e whakamahi ana i ngā moenga tanning ki te pāngia e te melanoma (JAMA Dermatology, 2014).
D. Kāore he nui o te hanga huaora D
Kāore te UVA e huri i te 7-dehydrocholesterol hei huaora D₃, he rerekē ki te UVB, arā, kāore e whai hua ngā moenga tanning mō te hanga huaora D.
3. Ngā pānga hauora o te UVB i roto i ngā mīhini whakakoi kiri
A. Te werawera o te rā me te kino o te DNA
Ka puta ngā whakarerekētanga DNA tika (thymine dimers) i te UVB, ka nui ake te mōrearea o te mate pukupuku pūtau squamous (SCC) me te mate pukupuku pūtau basal (BCC).
Ka puta te whero (te werawera) i ngā moenga kiri kua pangia e te UVB.
B. Te hanga huaora D (he iti noa iho i roto i ngā moenga tanning)
Ahakoa e tika ana te UVB mō te whakaputa huaora D₃, ka whakaitihia e te nuinga o ngā mīhini whakakoi kiri te pānga o te UVB hei whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā weranga, ā, kāore e whai hua mō tēnei kaupapa.
C. Te Pehi Ārai Mate ā-Rohe
Ka whakaitihia e te UVB te maha o ngā pūtau whakaatu antigen i roto i te kiri, engari ka iti ake te pehitanga o te ārai mate pūnaha i tērā i te UVA.
Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā kino o te hihi UV:
Mauria ngā mōhiti tiaki.
Whakamahia he hinu ārai rā kei roto te tiaki UVA/UVB.
Kōwhiria ngā taputapu iti te pānga o te hihi.